Factitious Disorder (Imposed on Self or Another)
Factitious Disorder involves intentionally producing or feigning physical or psychological symptoms, not for material gain (as in malingering), but to assume the “sick role” or gain attention, care, or sympathy.
Factitious Disorder (Imposed on Self or Another)
Factitious Disorder involves intentionally producing or feigning physical or psychological symptoms, not for material gain (as in malingering), but to assume the “sick role” or gain attention, care, or sympathy. When imposed on another (usually a child or dependent), it is called Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (previously Munchausen by proxy). Factitious disorders are complex and often hidden, requiring careful assessment. In Saudi Arabia, social pressures, family dynamics, and limited mental health awareness may complicate detection, particularly in cases involving caregivers.
What constitutes Factitious Disorder?
- Deliberate falsification, exaggeration, or induction of illness
- Motivation is to assume sick role, not external gain
- Deception persists even in absence of external rewards
- Significant distress or impairment caused
Symptoms and warning signs
- Frequent hospitalizations or doctor visits
- Inconsistent medical history or symptoms
- Evidence of tampering with tests or medications
- Dramatic medical knowledge or willingness for procedures
- In imposed cases: caregiver exaggerates or induces illness in a dependent
Causes and risk factors
- Childhood neglect or trauma
- History of chronic illness or extensive medical exposure
- Personality traits: attention-seeking, dependent, or borderline traits
- Possible co-occurring psychiatric conditions
Treatment approaches
- Psychotherapy: addressing underlying psychological needs, CBT for maladaptive behaviors
- Careful monitoring: coordination with medical professionals to avoid unnecessary interventions
- Family therapy: when others are involved, particularly children
- Medication: treats co-occurring anxiety, depression, or personality disorders
- Ethical and legal considerations: particularly in cases imposed on others
Why Act Center for Factitious Disorder in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia?
Our experienced clinical team in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia provides sensitive treatment, addressing the underlying psychological needs that drive the fabrication of illness in oneself or another.
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