Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that significantly impacts daily life. I
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that significantly impacts daily life. It involves intense mood swings, irritability, depression, or anxiety in the week or two before menstruation, improving shortly after the period begins. Unlike PMS, PMDD interferes with work, relationships, and social functioning. In Saudi Arabia, awareness of women’s mental health conditions such as PMDD is increasing, though cultural stigma may delay diagnosis and treatment.
What constitutes PMDD?
PMDD is diagnosed when emotional and physical symptoms occur in most menstrual cycles during the luteal phase, improve once menstruation begins, and disappear after the cycle. At least five symptoms must be present, including one mood-related symptom (e.g., depression, irritability, anxiety).
Symptoms and warning signs
- Severe mood swings, irritability, or anger
- Depressed mood, hopelessness, or self-critical thoughts
- Intense anxiety or tension
- Marked decrease in interest in daily activities
- Difficulty concentrating
- Fatigue, changes in sleep or appetite
- Physical symptoms: breast tenderness, bloating, joint/muscle pain
Causes and risk factors
- Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle
- Sensitivity in brain neurotransmitter systems (especially serotonin)
- Genetic predisposition
- Stress and lifestyle factors (lack of sleep, poor diet)
Treatment approaches
- Medication: SSRIs (first-line treatment), taken daily or only during the luteal phase
- Hormonal therapy: birth control pills or GnRH agonists to regulate hormone fluctuations
- Lifestyle: exercise, balanced diet, stress management, adequate sleep
- Therapy: CBT can help manage mood swings and stress
- Tracking: keeping a menstrual diary helps in diagnosis and management
Why Act Center for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia?
Our experienced PMDD health specialists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia provide treatment to relieve severe premenstrual mood swings and physical symptoms.
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